清华大学Li Yu团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现单核细胞沉积迁移小体（migrasomes）以促进胚胎血管的生成。相关研究工作2022年11月28日在线发表于《自然—细胞生物学》杂志上。
据介绍，促血管生成因子是血管生成的关键调节因子。
研究人员发现，高度迁移的细胞在鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜的毛细血管形成区域中“巡逻”。在这些细胞在迁移轨迹上会沉积迁移小体，形成迁移小体富集区。单细胞测序将这些细胞鉴定为单核细胞。单核细胞的耗竭会损害毛细血管的形成。定量质谱分析显示单核细胞迁移体富含促血管生成因子。纯化的迁移小体在体内促进毛细血管形成和单核细胞募集，在体外促进内皮细胞管形成和单核细胞的趋化。TSPAN4的敲低或敲除会减少迁移小体的形成，并损害毛细血管的形成和单核细胞的募集。机制上，迁移小体中的单核细胞通过VEGFA和CXCL12促进血管生成。
总之，单核细胞沉积富含促血管生成因子的迁移小体，以促进血管生成。
附：英文原文
Title: Monocytes deposit migrasomes to promote embryonic angiogenesis
Author: Zhang, Cuifang, Li, Tianqi, Yin, Shuyao, Gao, Mingyi, He, Helen, Li, Ying, Jiang, Dong, Shi, Minghui, Wang, Jianbin, Yu, Li
Issue&Volume: 2022-11-28
Abstract: Pro-angiogenic factors are key regulators of angiogenesis. Here we report that highly migratory cells patrol the area of capillary formation in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane. These cells deposit migrasomes on their migration tracks, creating migrasome-enriched areas. Single-cell sequencing identified these cells as monocytes. Depletion of monocytes impairs capillary formation. Quantitative mass spectrometry analysis reveals that monocyte migrasomes are enriched with pro-angiogenic factors. Purified migrasomes promote capillary formation and monocyte recruitment in vivo, and endothelial cell tube formation and monocyte chemotaxis in vitro. Knockdown or knockout of TSPAN4 reduces migrasome formation and impairs capillary formation and monocyte recruitment. Mechanistically, monocytes promote angiogenesis via VEGFA and CXCL12 in migrasomes. In summary, monocytes deposit migrasomes enriched in pro-angiogenic factors to promote angiogenesis.
DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01026-3
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41556-022-01026-3
来源：科学网 小柯机器人