近日，巴西里约热内卢天主教大学Gero von Gersdorff团队研究了标准模型汤川耦合的不等式。该研究于2025年9月17日发表在《高能物理杂志》上。
研究组证明了标准模型汤川矩阵满足一组简单而非平凡的不等式。他们推导的关系独立于定义费米子场的基，并且除其他外，对上行型和下行型汤川矩阵的列的对齐以及它们的协因式矩阵施加了强约束。研究组之所以能得到这样强有力的结论，可以追溯到费米子质量和夸克混合的层次性质。不等式应被视为SM -汤川耦合的非常强的必要条件，它们可用于约束“味”模型。
附：英文原文
Title: Inequalities for Standard Model Yukawa couplings
Author: von Gersdorff, Gero, Modesto, Lucas
Issue&Volume: 2025-09-17
Abstract: We show that the Standard Model Yukawa matrices satisfy a set of simple yet nontrivial inequalities. The relations we derive are independent of the basis used to define the fermion fields, and, amongst other things, place strong constraints on the alignment of the columns of the up-type and down-type Yukawa matrices, as well as their cofactor matrices. The reason why one can obtain such strong statements can be traced back to the hierarchical nature of the fermion masses and quark mixings. The inequalities should be seen as very strong necessary conditions on the SM Yukawa couplings and thus are useful for constraining flavor models.
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP09(2025)140
Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP09(2025)140