微气候减缓并改变了热带森林中气候速度的方向
近日，英国剑桥大学David Coomes团队报道了微气候减缓并改变了热带森林中气候速度的方向。2025年11月27日，《自然—气候变化》杂志发表了这一成果。
气候速度（物种为追踪气候变化所需的移动速度与方向）的估算通常未考虑植被驱动的微气候变化。
研究组利用基于三维地形与植被结构地图的机制性微气候模型，发现微气候异质性会降低最大与最小气温的气候速度幅度，并改变其方向。对于林下生物，最大气温速度的幅度减半，通常指向植被密集区域；对于林冠生物，最大气温速度的幅度几乎为零，方向垂直向下。这些结果表明，植被复杂性会形成局部微气候避难所，使物种在变暖条件下得以短期存续。该研究强调需将精细尺度的生境异质性纳入气候适应预测，并凸显结构复杂森林在提供微气候避难所方面的价值。
附：英文原文
Title: Microclimates slow and alter the direction of climate velocities in tropical forests
Author: Soifer, Lydia G., Ball, James, Asmath, Hamish, Maclean, Ilya M. D., Coomes, David
Issue&Volume: 2025-11-27
Abstract: Climate velocity—the speed and direction species must move to track climate change—is often estimated without accounting for vegetation-driven microclimatic variation. Using mechanistic microclimate models parameterized with three-dimensional maps of topography and vegetation structure, here we show that microclimate heterogeneity reduces the magnitude and alters the direction of climate velocity for maximum and minimum temperatures. For understory-dwelling organisms, the magnitude of maximum temperature velocity was halved and generally oriented towards areas with dense vegetation. For canopy-dwelling organisms, the magnitude of maximum temperature velocity was nearly zero, with vectors oriented vertically downward. These results demonstrate that vegetation complexity produces localized microrefugia, enabling short-term persistence of species under warming conditions. Our findings emphasize the need to integrate fine-scale habitat heterogeneity into predictions of climate resilience and highlight the value of structurally complex forests in providing microclimatic refugia.
DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02496-7